Dusky grouper

The dusky grouper is a large marine fish with a strong, oval-shaped body, a broad head, and a wide mouth. Its lower jaw extends slightly beyond the upper jaw, giving the fish its characteristic appearance. The dorsal fin contains 11 spines followed by 13–16 soft rays.This species can reach a length of around 150 cm, although individuals of approximately 90 cm are more commonly observed. Its large size and robust body make it one of the most impressive grouper species found in Mediterranean waters.The head and upper part of the body are generally dark reddish-brown to greyish in colour, while the underside often has a yellowish-golden tone. The body and head are covered with irregular pale greenish-yellow, silvery-grey, or whitish patches, which are usually quite noticeable.

The fins also have distinctive markings. The anal and caudal fins, and sometimes the pectoral fins, may have narrow white edges. The tips of the pelvic fins are dark to black, while the pectoral fins are usually reddish-brown or grey. The edge of the spiny dorsal fin and the base of the pectoral fins often show a characteristic golden-yellow colour.